Do you know that before the Computers People were used their toe, hands, fingers and stones to make calculations. But Now Computers truly come into their own as great inventions in the last two decades of the 20th century.
Then How many of you know the history of computers? Do you know the base for the computers?
When was the word "computer" was first used?
The word "computer" was first recorded as being used in 1613 and originally was used to describe a human who performed calculations or computations.Abacus
Abacus is one of earliest machines designed in 500 BC to assist people in calculations. It was made of beads and rods. Mainly used for Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division.
Napier's Bones
A set of bones consisted of a rods. and invented by John Napier, a Scottish Mathematician in 1614. Hence, It was named by his name.
The Slide Rule
In 1633, The Slide Rule was invented by William oughtred. It was embodied by the two sets of scales that are joined together with a marginal space between them.The Rotating Wheel Calculator (Pascaline)
First developed by a French Philosopher, Blaise Pascal. It consists of gears and levers. This is a predecessor to todays electronic calculator.
The Different Engine
In 1822, Charles Babbage, British Mathematician, Engineer conceptualized and began developing the Difference Engine, considered to be the first automatic computing machine. The Difference Engine was capable of computing several sets of numbers and making hard copies of the results. Babbage received some help with development of the Difference Engine from Ada Lovelace, considered by many to be the first computer programmer for her work and notes on the Difference Engine.
In 1837, Charles Babbage proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine. The Analytical Engine contained an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), basic flow control, punch cards (inspired by the Jacquard Loom), and integrated memory. It is the first general-purpose computer concept. Unfortunately, because of funding issues, this computer was also never built while Charles Babbage was alive. In 1910, Henry Babbage, Charles Babbage's youngest son, was able to complete a portion of this machine and was able to perform basic calculations.
Hollerith Tabulating Machine
It was actually developed by Herman Hollerich in 1890. Designed by using Punched Cards.The Z1
The first really functional and programmable modern computer was created by German Konrad Zuse in his parents' living room between 1936 and 1938. It is considered to be the first electro-mechanical binary programmable computer.The Turing machine
First concept for a modern computer, first proposed by Alan Turing in 1936 and became the foundation for theories about computing and computers. The machine was a device that printed symbols on paper tape in a manner that emulated a person following a series of logical instructions. I am sure that Without these fundamentals, we wouldn't have the computers we use today.
The Colossus
The Colossus was the first electric programmable computer, developed by Tommy Flowers, and first demonstrated in December 1943. The Colossus was created to help the British code breakers read encrypted German messages.The ABC
The Atanasoff-Berry Computer began development by Professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Cliff Berry in 1937. Its development continued until 1942 at the Iowa State College. This was an electrical computer that used more than 300 vacuum tubes for digital computation, including binary math and Boolean logic and had no CPU (was not programmable).
The ENIAC
The giant ENIAC(Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator) was invented by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania and began construction in 1943 and was not completed until 1946. It occupied about 1,800 square feet and used about 18,000 vacuum tubes, weighing almost 50 tons. Although the Judge ruled that the ABC computer was the first digital computer, many still consider the ENIAC to be the first digital computer because it was fully functional.
EDSAC
The early British computer EDSAC is considered to be the first stored program electronic computer that performed its first calculation on May 6, 1949 and was the computer that ran the first graphical computer game, nicknamed "Baby".Around the same time, the Manchester Mark 1 was another computer that could run stored programs. Built at the Victoria University of Manchester, the first version of the Mark 1 computer became operational in April 1949. Mark 1 was used to run a program to search for Mersenne primes for nine hours without error on June 16 and 17 that same year.
UNIVAC 1101
The UNIVAC 1101 or ERA 1101 is considered to be the first computer that was capable of storing and running a program from memory, invented by Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC). This was the first delivered computer to the United States government in 1950.The Z4
In 1942, Konrad Zuse begin working on the Z4 that later became the first commercial computer. The computer was sold to Eduard Stiefel, a mathematician of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich on July 12, 1950.IBM 701
On April 7, 1953 IBM publicly introduced the 701 (First commercial scientific computer).
The Whirlwind Machine
MIT introduces the Whirlwind machine on March 8, 1955, a revolutionary computer that was the first digital computer with magnetic core RAM and real-time graphics.The TX-O
The TX-O (Transistorized Experimental computer) is the first transistorized computer to be demonstrated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956.PDP-1
In 1960, Digital Equipment Corporation released its first of many PDP computers, the PDP-1 which was called The first minicomputer.The Programma 101
HP 9100A
In 1968, Hewlett Packard began marketing the HP 9100A, considered to be the first mass-marketed desktop computer.
Xerox Alto
Although it was never sold, the first workstation is considered to be the Xerox Alto, introduced in 1974. The computer was revolutionary for its time and included a fully functional computer, display, and mouse. The computer operated like many computers today utilizing windows, menus and icons as an interface to its operating system. Many of the computer's capabilities were first demonstrated in The Mother of All Demos by Douglas Engelbart on December 9, 1968.Intel 4004
Intel introduces the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004 on November 15, 1971.
Micral
The Vietnamese-French engineer, André Truong Trong Thi, along with Francois Gernelle, developedthe Micral computer in 1973. Considered as the first "micro-computer", it used the Intel 8008 processor and was the first commercial non-assembly computer. and originally sold for $1,750.
Altair 8800
In 1975, Ed Roberts coined the term "personal computer" when he introduced the Altair 8800. Although the first personal computer is considered by many to be the KENBAK-1, which was first introduced for $750 in 1971. The computer relied on a series of switches for inputting data and output data by turning on and off a series of lights.
IBM 5100
The IBM 5100 is the first portable computer, which was released on September 1975. The computer weighed 55 pounds and had a five inch CRT display, tape drive, 1.9 MHz PALM processor, and 64 KB of RAM.Osborne I
The first truly portable computer or laptop is considered to be the Osborne I, which was released on April 1981 and developed by Adam Osborne. The Osborne I weighed 24.5 pounds, had a 5-inch display, 64 KB of memory, two 5 1/4" floppy drives, ran the CP/M 2.2 operating system, included a modem, and cost US$1,795.IBM ThinkPad
The IBM PC Division later released the IBM portable in 1984, its first portable computer that weighed in at 30 pounds. Later in 1986, IBM PCD announced it's first laptop computer, the PC Convertible, weighing 12 pounds. Finally, in 1994, IBM introduced the IBM ThinkPad 775CD, the first notebook with an integrated CD-ROM.Apple I
The Apple I was the first Apple computer that originally sold for $666.66. The computer kit was developed by Steve Wozniak in 1976 and contained a 6502 8-bit processor and 4 kb of memory, which was expandable to 8 or 48 kb using expansion cards. Although the Apple I had a fully assembled circuit board the kit still required a power supply, display, keyboard, and case to be operational.
IBM PC
IBM introduced its first personal computer called the IBM PC in 1981. The computer was code named and still sometimes referred to as the Acorn and had a 8088 processor, 16 KB of memory, which was expandable to 256 and utilized MS-DOS.Compaq Portable
The Compaq Portable is considered to be the first PC clone and was release in March 1983 by Compaq. The Compaq Portable was 100% compatible with IBM computers and was capable of running any software developed for IBM computers.M2500 XL/2
In 1992, Tandy Radio Shack became one of the first companies to release a computer based on the MPC standard with its introduction of the M2500 XL/2 and M4020 SX , the first multimedia computers.In 2018,
The Surface Studio
The Surface Studio is an all-in-one PC designed and produced by Microsoft as part of its Surface series of Windows based personal computing devices.
The first desktop computer to be manufactured entirely by Microsoft, the Surface Studio uses the Windows 10 Operating System. The product, starting at $2,999, is aimed primarily at people in creative professions such as graphic artists and designers.
The list is not ended. More and more are coming to fulfill this list.
I am sure that You got the history of Computers. Share this to others to know more about the history of computers.
 |
| Credit : CNET |
The list is not ended. More and more are coming to fulfill this list.
I am sure that You got the history of Computers. Share this to others to know more about the history of computers.
Hello! I'm Makesh. As a tech enthusiast, I created this blog for computer students to stay updated.
No comments:
Post a Comment